![]() During this time, in more than 60 years, nuclear power technology has undergone iterative upgrades: from Generation 1 prototype reactors to Generation 2 commercial reactors and then to Generation 3 advanced high-power nuclear reactors. Since the first commercial nuclear power plant (NPP) was built in the former Soviet Union in the late 1950s 2, more than 450 nuclear power units have been in operation worldwide 3. Nuclear power is one of the main forms through which human beings use nuclear energy to promote economic development and benefit society. After more than 100 years of development since humans discovered nuclear radiation in the late 19th century, nuclear energy is now closely linked to peoples’ lives and jobs 1. Nuclear energy has been a great discovery in human history. Moreover, the dataset incorporates other simulation data (e.g., radionuclide data) for conducting research beyond accident diagnosis. The dataset, namely nuclear power plant accident data (NPPAD), basically covers the common types of accidents in typical pressurised water reactor NPPs, and it contains time-series data on the status or actions of various subsystems, accident types, and severity information. This paper presents a first-of-its-kind open dataset created using PCTRAN, a pre-developed and widely used simulator for NPPs. However, there is a lack of an open NPP accident dataset for measuring the performance of various algorithms, which is very challenging. ![]() In particular, data-driven AI algorithms have been used to identify the presence of accidents and their root causes. Given the significant impact of human-caused errors on three serious nuclear accidents in history, artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly been used in assisting operators with regard to making various decisions. However, safe operation is very critical in nuclear power plants (NPPs). This suggests the possibility of obtaining additional information about the ground-state deformation by comparing the GDR data with the TDDFT + BCS results.Nuclear energy plays an important role in global energy supply, especially as a key low-carbon source of power. For neutron-rich Zr isotopes, the photoabsorption cross section based on the two coexisting minima reflects the feature of the deformation of the minima. Applying it to the spherical Zr and Mo nuclei, a reasonable agreement with experimental data has been achieved. For neutron-rich Zr, Mo, and Ru isotopes where shape evolution exists we predict the photoabsorption cross sections based on oblate and triaxial minima.Ĭonclusions: The TDDFT + BCS code provides reasonable description for IVD resonances. Upon seeing a reasonable accuracy offered by the implemented code, we perform systematic TDDFT + BCS calculations for spherical Zr and Mo isotopes near N = 50, where experimental data exist. The strengths of the IVD resonances calculated using the TDDFT and FAM-QRPA methods agree reasonably well with the same position of the giant dipole resonance. Results: The current TDDFT and the Sk圓D codes yield almost identical response functions once both codes use the same time-odd mean fields and absorbing boundary conditions. In these three calculations, the important ingredients which have major influence on the results, such as time-odd potentials, boundary conditions, smoothing procedures, spurious peaks, etc., have been carefully examined. For the TDDFT results, additional benchmark calculations have been performed using the well-tested code Sk圓D. Methods: To benchmark the TDDFT code, we compute the strengths of IVD resonances for light nuclei using two complementary methods: TDDFT and FAM-QRPA methods. ![]() Second, we apply the TDDFT + BCS method to a systematic description of the IVD resonances in the Zr, Mo, and Ru isotopes. Purpose: Following a previous paper, we first present a time-dependent extension of the density-functional theory to allow for dynamic calculations based on the obtained static Hartree-Fock + Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) results. In particular, with recent advances of computing capabilities, large-scale TDDFT simulations are possible for fission dynamics as well as isovector dipole (IVD) resonances. Background: Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) continues to be useful in describing a multitude of low-energy static and dynamic properties.
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